Sabtu, 25 Oktober 2014

Direct and Indirect Speech (Softskill)

Deals with Megawati off 

as SBY refuses to blink 

President Susilo Bambang Yudho-yono and former president Megawati Soekarnoputri almost clinched a historic deal late Wednesday to end their protracted enmity and forge a political coalition.

Intense lobbying, largely by vice president-elect Jusuf Kalla, to have the two leaders bury the hatchet, however, collapsed after Yudhoyono was accused of failing to show sincerity in mending the ties. 

According to Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P) politicians, Megawati, through her representatives, demanded Yudhoyono on Wednesday first support the PDI-P coalition’s bid for House leadership in order to regain her trust. 

Yudhoyono, however, turned down the request. 

He demanded to meet Megawati first before agreeing to back the bid. The PDI-P eventually lost the bid early Thursday to the Red-and-White Coalition led by defeated presidential candidate Prabowo Subianto. 

“The two leaders intended to meet. But given the different point of views, the meeting could not be realized,” said PDI-P senior politician Pramono Anung on Thursday. 

“Pak SBY wants to meet first and talk while Ibu Megawati wants him to join us first [in the bid for House leadership] and then meet,” he said.

According to Pramono, Megawati had assigned president-elect Joko “Jokowi” Widodo, Kalla, her daughter Puan Maharani and NasDem Party patron Surya Paloh to meet Yudhoyono prior to the House’s leadership selection process. 

“If only Yudhoyono had agreed to accept them, Megawati would have called him through Puan. But he refused to accept them,” said Pramono. 

Since her defeat against Yudhoyono in the 2004 presidential election, Megawati has entirely shut the door on her former coordinating security and political minister. 

Megawati’s grudge stemmed from Yudhoyono’s decision to form a political party and run in the election while serving in her Cabinet, despite Yudhoyono’s previous pledges to remain loyal to Megawati.

Her rage led to the PDI-P becoming the opposition party during Yudhoyono’s 10-year administration, which is due to end on Oct. 20. 

Renewed hope for the reconciliation of the two leaders, however, emerged after Yudhoyono received waves of public criticism for allowing the passage of a law that scrapped direct elections for governors, mayors and regents in mid-September. 

Yudhoyono has planned to issue a government regulation in lieu of law (Perppu) in a bid to annul the newly passed regional election law, which is supported by the Red-and-White Coalition. For the Perppu to gain sufficient support in the House, Yudhoyono will need the PDI-P’s backing.

Yudhoyono’s camp proposed late on Tuesday that it would support the PDI-P’s bid for the House leadership in exchange for the party’s later support for the Perppu. The camp would also be supported by the National Mandate Party (PAN) in order to gain sufficient voting power. 

The President invited Jokowi to discuss the plan and hoped to lure Megawati with the proposal late on Tuesday. 

“We’ve talked about a lot of things. There are talks about the House leadership, as well as our shared vision over the need to return the direct elections,” said Jokowi on Wednesday.
But the simmering optimism for a coalition of the PDI-P and Yudhoyono’s Democratic Party in the House was short-lived as several hours before the start of the leadership selection process, which ran until Thursday morning, the coalition deal was called off. 

Following the failed deal, the PDI-P coalition was short of one party to be able to nominate its candidates for the House leadership.

The Red-and-White Coalition passed Golkar Party treasurer Setya Novanto as House speaker and the Democratic Party’s Agus Hermanto along with the Gerindra Party’s Fadli Zon, PAN’s Taufik Kurniawan and Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) lawmaker Fahri Hamzah as deputy speakers.

“From my side, I have wanted to meet with Ibu Megawati since long ago. But God has not allowed it to happen yet,” said Yudhoyono early on Thursday in response to the failed meeting with Megawati. 

Yudhoyono also said that the failed reconciliation should not result in political instability, as evidenced during the selection of the House leadership. 

“We don’t expect any future political volatility that can disrupt the government from working. It is the people that will bear the consequences,” said Yudhoyono. 
The Democratic Party has repeatedly voiced its neutrality in the House despite the fact that it often accommodates the interests of the Red-and-White Coalition. 

Puan Maharani, however, blamed the collapse of the deal on Yudhoyono, who she alleged closed communication with Megawati by refusing to accept her and the others. 

“We’ve tried, but there was no response from Pak SBY,” she said. 





Never any plan to announce 

Cabinet members at Priok: 
Jokowi

Ina Parlina, The Jakarta Post, Jakarta | National | Fri, October 24 2014, 10:54 AM
President Joko "Jokowi" Widodo said on Thursday night that he had no plan to announce Cabinet members on Wednesday night at Tanjung Priok Port in North Jakarta.
The statement was made in front of the side gate of the Merdeka Palace on Thursday night at 10:15 p.m. before the media, which had been told by the palace to be on standby near the gate at the time.
According to Jokowi, he wanted to wait for the results of the Corruption Eradication Commission’s (KPK) investigation into people on the new candidate list after he had updated it with eight new candidates to replace eight previous names that the KPK had red-flagged.
"Up until now, the KPK has yet to issue the [new] recommendation," said Jokowi, who was accompanied by Vice President Jusuf Kalla.
Jokowi also questioned why journalists had gathered at the port and later reported that he had canceled the announcement.
"Why were you at the Tanjung Priok yesterday [Wednesday]? Who told you to gather there?" he asked.
He appeared reluctantly to answer journalists when asked why palace media affairs staff had taken them there.
Jokowi only replied with another question: "Did you ask the media affairs unit?"
"We [only] prepared the place; why did [you] say it was canceled? We did no such thing," he said. (nfo)
Analysis of Direct and Indirect Speech

  •       Statement


a.    Direct :
“We don’t expect any future political volatility that can disrupt the government from working. It is the people that will bear the consequences,” said Yudhoyono. 

Indirect :
He said that they didn’t expect any future political volatility that could disrupt the government from working. It is the people that would bear the consequences.

Analysis :

We can change this sentence from direct into indirect speech, in this case we have to change don’t into didn’t and also can into could. Besides, there is change of pronoun for we into they.

b.    Direct :
“We’ve tried, but there was no response from Pak SBY,” she said.

Indirect :
She said that they had tried, but there was no reason from Pak SBY

            Analysis :
            We can change this sentence from direct into indirect speech, there is change of pronoun for we into they. In this case we have to change we’ve tried into they had tried
  •  Question

a.    Direct :
“Why were you at the Tanjung Priok yesterday [Wednesday]?” He asked.
Indirect :
He asked why they  were at Tanjung Priok yesterday.
Analysis :
He wants to know why they were at Tanjung Priok yesterday, because the direct question use Wh- question we don’t need to use if/whether.
b.    Direct :
“Who told you to gather there?" he asked.

Indirect :
He asked who told they to gathered there.

Analysis :
Because the direct question uses wh- question we don’t need to use if/whether.

  •      Imperative :


a.    Direct :
“Don’t touch my laptop!” she warned me.

Indirect :
She warned me not to touch her laptop.

Analysis :
In the indirect speech we must added “not to” in front of negative imperative.

b.    Direct :

Father advised me : “Wash Your face before you sleep”

Indirect :

Father advised me to wash my face before I sleep.



Name : Mitha Soviani Putri

NPM  : 18611708

Subject : Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris Berbantu Komputer 









Minggu, 05 Oktober 2014

Tugas Softskill 'Active - Passive voice'


 Fossil Fuels and Global Warming

Fossil fuels and global warming are closely associated with each other. This is because the phenomena of global warming is triggered mainly due to excessive use of fossil fuels.
Coal, oil and natural gas are the three different forms of fossil fuels that are widely used. They are formed by the process of anaerobic decomposition of organic matter under the surface of the earth for millions of years. Large-scale use of fossil fuels started since the Industrial Revolution. Today, these are the most widely used sources of energy available for the use of both personal as well as commercial purposes. Petroleum is used to fuel our vehicles, while coal and natural gas are used to produce electricity for our homes and offices. Statistics show that almost three-fourth of the demands of the energy in the world is fulfilled by fossil fuels.



Carbon Dioxide: A Greenhouse Gas

The presence of high levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere results in an increase in the amount of heat on the surface of Earth. This is because carbon dioxide traps heat obtained from sunlight and does not let it dissipate out of the atmosphere, a process known as the greenhouse effect. Since fossil fuels are hydrocarbons (made from hydrogen and carbon), burning fossil fuels releases a large amount of carbon dioxide into the air. When there is a significant rise in the percentage of carbon dioxide in the air, the amount of heat captured by the carbon dioxide gas also increases. This in turn leads to an overall rise in the surface temperature of the earth, which is also known as global warming.

A Hotter Planet

Evidence obtained from various research studies suggest that since the middle of the nineteenth century, carbon dioxide content in the atmospheric air has increased by at least 25 percent. This is mainly because of excessive use of fossil fuels all across the globe. For this reason, in the last 150 years, the temperature of the earth has already gone up more than 1 degree Fahrenheit. It is estimated that the temperature is going to increase further in the next hundred years. Thus our planet will be much hotter in the next century.

Higher Seas

This can adversely affect the climate of the earth. It is believed that there will be drastic changes in the weather conditions in various parts of the world. The glaciers of the earth will melt at a much faster pace. As a result, the areas which are located near the water bodies like, the coastal regions and the banks of the river, are likely to get submerged under water. Many deltas, islands, thickly populated cities will get covered by water. Droughts and floods will occur more frequently in many inland areas that have extreme weather. Many important cities are situated near the sea, and would also suffer the consequences.

Toxic Gases Causing Acid Rain

Combustion of fossil fuels not only gives out carbon dioxide into the air, it also releases various types of gases like carbon monoxide, methane, nitrous oxide, etc. that cause air pollution. When in air, these gases dissolve in water (in the form of clouds) and get converted into harmful acids like sulfuric acid and carbonic acid. These substances return to the surface of the earth in the form of acid rain, which has a huge impact on the entire environmental conditions. The acid rain causes harm to the soil and plant life and pollutes surface water.

Oil Spills

Crude oil is often transported from one place to another by tankers and ships. Any leakage in these tankers causes oil spills. Such type of accidents have occurred a number of times in the past. This not only leads to water pollution but also poses a serious threat to marine lives.

Thus you can see that the issues of fossil fuels, global warming and climate change are all interwoven with each other. We all have to play a vital role in controlling their ill-effects. If we take some small measures from our side, then we can save our planet from any major disaster. For this, we have to bring down our huge demand for energy. We should reduce energy consumption in our homes and use our vehicles only for traveling short distances. We also have to stop cutting trees and plant more number of saplings regularly. This is because plants use up the carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and thus check its level from rising.

Our activities have put the planet at risk, and it's now our responsibility to reverse the trend.

Source : http://www.buzzle.com/articles/fossil-fuels-and-global-warming.html


Active 

  •   The acid rain causes harm to the soil and plant life and pollutes surface water.


( This sentence is active active because the sentence is not contained be + past participle.) 
  • Crude oil is often transported from one place to another by tankers and ships.

( This sentence is active because because the sentence is not contained be + past participle.) 
3
  • global warming and climate change are all interwoven with each other.

                This sentence is active because the sentence is not contained be + past participle. This sentence            is simple present)

  •       Large-scale use of fossil fuels started since the Industrial Revolution.

(This sentence is active because the sentence is not contained be + past participle.  This sentence is simple present) 
  •      The glaciers of the earth will melt at a much faster pace.

         (This sentence is active  because the sentence is not contained be + past participle.) 



Passive :

  •       They are formed by the process of anaerobic decomposition of organic matter under the surface of    the earth for millions of years.

          ( this sentence is passive because the sentence have be + participle, are + formed.)

  •       Petroleum is used to fuel our vehicles, while coal and natural gas are used to produce electricity for our homes and offices.

         ( this sentence is passive because the sentence have be + participle, is + used.)
  
  •       while coal and natural gas are used to produce electricity for our homes and offices.

          ( this sentence is passive because the sentence have be + participle, are + used.)

  •       Statistics show that almost three-fourth of the demands of the energy in the world is fulfilled by fossil fuels.

          ( this sentence is passive because the sentence have be + participle, is + fulfilled.)

  •           Many important cities are situated near the sea, and would also suffer the consequences.

          ( this sentence is passive because the sentence have be + participle, are + situated.)



Nama : Mitha Soviani Putri
Kelas : 4SA04
NPM : 18611708